diff --git a/random/question_everything.md b/random/question_everything.md index 312b6d7..c7e21f2 100644 --- a/random/question_everything.md +++ b/random/question_everything.md @@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ What are your thoughts? How do you balance critical analysis with personal faith --- -# Timeline of Christian History and Key Developments +# Comprehensive Timeline of Christian History and Key Developments ## Pre-Christian Era - c. 4 BCE - 30 CE: Approximate lifetime of Jesus of Nazareth @@ -268,56 +268,90 @@ What are your thoughts? How do you balance critical analysis with personal faith ## 1st Century CE - c. 30-33 CE: Ministry, crucifixion, and reported resurrection of Jesus - c. 33-36 CE: Conversion of Paul +- c. 49 CE: Council of Jerusalem decides that Gentile converts do not need to follow Jewish law - c. 50-60 CE: Paul's epistles written +- 64 CE: Great Fire of Rome; Nero persecutes Christians - 70 CE: Destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem - c. 70-100 CE: Gospels written +- c. 90-100 CE: Book of Revelation written ## 2nd Century - c. 110-160 CE: Apostolic Fathers write (including Polycarp, Ignatius) - c. 144 CE: Marcion proposes first known New Testament canon +- c. 150 CE: Justin Martyr writes his First Apology, an early defense of Christianity +- c. 160-225 CE: Tertullian first uses the term "Trinity" (Latin: Trinitas) in his writings - c. 180 CE: Irenaeus writes "Against Heresies," addressing early Christian theological disputes ## 3rd Century +- 200 CE: Tertullian writes extensive apologetic and theological works - 230-250 CE: Origen writes extensive biblical commentaries and theological works +- 248 CE: Origen writes "Against Celsus," defending Christianity against pagan critics - 250 CE: Decian persecution of Christians +- 251 CE: Cyprian of Carthage writes "On the Unity of the Church" ## 4th Century +- 301 CE: Armenia becomes the first nation to adopt Christianity as state religion +- 312 CE: Constantine's conversion to Christianity - 313 CE: Edict of Milan - Roman Empire tolerates Christianity +- 318 CE: Arius begins teaching that the Son is subordinate to the Father, sparking the Arian controversy - 325 CE: First Council of Nicaea - addresses Arianism, formulates Nicene Creed - 367 CE: Athanasius's Easter letter lists 27 books of New Testament -- 380 CE: Christianity becomes official religion of Roman Empire -- 381 CE: First Council of Constantinople - refines Nicene Creed +- 380 CE: Christianity becomes official religion of Roman Empire under Theodosius I +- 381 CE: First Council of Constantinople - refines Nicene Creed, establishes doctrine of the Trinity +- 382 CE: Jerome begins translating the Bible into Latin (the Vulgate) +- 397 CE: Council of Carthage approves Christian biblical canon ## 5th Century - 410 CE: Sack of Rome by Visigoths - 413-426 CE: Augustine writes "City of God" -- 431 CE: Council of Ephesus - addresses Nestorianism +- 431 CE: Council of Ephesus - addresses Nestorianism, declares Mary as Theotokos - 451 CE: Council of Chalcedon - establishes orthodox Christology -## Middle Ages (6th-15th Centuries) -- 540-604 CE: Pope Gregory I (the Great) - consolidates papal authority -- 610 CE: Muhammad begins receiving revelations (birth of Islam) +## 6th-10th Centuries +- 529 CE: Benedict of Nursia founds Monte Cassino monastery, writes his Rule +- 553 CE: Second Council of Constantinople +- 590-604 CE: Pope Gregory I (the Great) - consolidates papal authority +- 664 CE: Synod of Whitby aligns English church practices with Rome +- 680-681 CE: Third Council of Constantinople +- 731 CE: Bede completes "Ecclesiastical History of the English People" +- 787 CE: Second Council of Nicaea - addresses iconoclasm +- 800 CE: Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III +- 863 CE: Cyril and Methodius begin mission to the Slavs +- 988 CE: Conversion of Kievan Rus' to Christianity + +## 11th-15th Centuries - 1054 CE: Great Schism - split between Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches - 1095-1291 CE: Crusades +- 1122 CE: Concordat of Worms separates spiritual and temporal authority +- 1150-1250 CE: Construction of major Gothic cathedrals - 1215 CE: Fourth Lateran Council - defines transubstantiation - 1274 CE: Thomas Aquinas completes "Summa Theologica" +- 1309-1377 CE: Avignon Papacy - 1378-1417 CE: Western Schism (multiple rival popes) +- 1415 CE: John Hus burned at the stake ## Reformation Era (16th-17th Centuries) - 1517 CE: Martin Luther posts 95 Theses, sparking Protestant Reformation +- 1521 CE: Diet of Worms condemns Luther +- 1525 CE: Anabaptist movement begins - 1534 CE: Henry VIII establishes Church of England +- 1536 CE: John Calvin publishes "Institutes of the Christian Religion" - 1545-1563 CE: Council of Trent - Catholic Counter-Reformation +- 1549 CE: First Book of Common Prayer in England - 1611 CE: King James Version of the Bible published +- 1618-1648 CE: Thirty Years' War ## Modern Era (18th-21st Centuries) - 1730-1740s CE: First Great Awakening in America +- 1738 CE: John Wesley's Aldersgate experience, leading to Methodism - 1799 CE: Friedrich Schleiermacher publishes "On Religion," marking start of liberal theology +- 1801 CE: Cane Ridge Revival, birth of the Restoration Movement +- 1830 CE: Joseph Smith founds Mormonism - 1854 CE: Doctrine of Immaculate Conception defined (Catholic) - 1870 CE: First Vatican Council - defines papal infallibility - 1906-1915 CE: Azusa Street Revival - birth of Pentecostalism +- 1910-1915 CE: Publication of "The Fundamentals," giving name to Christian fundamentalism - 1948 CE: World Council of Churches formed - 1962-1965 CE: Second Vatican Council - modernizes Catholic Church - 1970s-present: Rise of evangelical Christianity as a political force in the US -- 2013 CE: Election of Pope Francis, first pope from the Americas - -This timeline highlights how Christian beliefs and practices have evolved over time, influenced by historical events, philosophical developments, and cultural changes. It provides context for many of the topics discussed in our blog post, such as the development of core doctrines, the influence of Greek philosophy, and the diversity of Christian expressions across different eras and cultures. \ No newline at end of file +- 2013 CE: Election of Pope Francis, first pope from the Americas \ No newline at end of file