diff --git a/random/mosquito_experiment.md b/random/mosquito_experiment.md index 29291de..6c09b48 100644 --- a/random/mosquito_experiment.md +++ b/random/mosquito_experiment.md @@ -1,3 +1,137 @@ +# **Mosquito Pressure Experiment Report** + +### **Objective**: +To evaluate the effects of slow, moderate, and rapid compression rates on *Culex pipiens* mosquitoes using a syringe, with a focus on pressure changes, behavioral observations, and survival rates. + +--- + +## **Experimental Setup** + +- **Syringe Size**: 5 mL +- **Initial Volume**: 5 mL (adjusted for the presence of mosquitoes to ~4.99 mL) +- **Initial Pressure**: 101.325 kPa (standard atmospheric pressure) +- **Number of Mosquitoes**: 5 +- **Date**: ____________________ +- **Ambient Temperature**: ____ °C +- **Ambient Humidity**: ____ % + +--- + +## **Procedure and Compression Rates** + +### 1. **Slow Compression** + - **Compression Speed**: 1 mL every 5–10 seconds + - **Goal**: Observe gradual behavior changes and stress without immediate fatalities. + +#### **Boyle’s Law Pressure Calculations**: + +| Volume (mL) | Pressure (kPa) | +|-------------|----------------| +| 5 | 101.325 | +| 4 | 126.656 | +| 3 | 168.875 | +| 2 | 253.312 | +| 1 | 505.611 | + +#### **Likely Observations**: +- **At 5 mL (101.325 kPa)**: Baseline; mosquitoes exhibit natural movement. +- **At 4 mL (126.656 kPa)**: Slight increase in movement, possibly due to mild stress. +- **At 3 mL (168.875 kPa)**: Disorientation begins, some may slow down or stop flying. +- **At 2 mL (253.312 kPa)**: Noticeable stress, mosquitoes cling to the walls. +- **At 1 mL (505.611 kPa)**: Mosquitoes likely immobilized, but most should still survive if decompression is slow. + +#### **Survival Prediction**: +- **80-100% survival** expected due to gradual pressure changes allowing the mosquitoes time to adjust. + +--- + +### 2. **Moderate Compression** + - **Compression Speed**: 1 mL every 2–3 seconds + - **Goal**: Balance between behavioral observation and potential physical damage. + +#### **Boyle’s Law Pressure Calculations**: + +| Volume (mL) | Pressure (kPa) | +|-------------|----------------| +| 5 | 101.325 | +| 4 | 126.656 | +| 3 | 168.875 | +| 2 | 253.312 | +| 1 | 505.611 | + +#### **Likely Observations**: +- **At 4 mL (126.656 kPa)**: Some mosquitoes may stop flying, increased movement erratic. +- **At 3 mL (168.875 kPa)**: Significant disorientation, mosquitoes cling to surfaces. +- **At 2 mL (253.312 kPa)**: Labored movement, possible immobilization of a few mosquitoes. +- **At 1 mL (505.611 kPa)**: Physical stress likely leads to a few fatalities, visible signs of respiratory difficulty. + +#### **Survival Prediction**: +- **50-70% survival** expected, with some damage to the mosquitoes due to moderate but noticeable pressure changes. + +--- + +### 3. **Rapid Compression** + - **Compression Speed**: From 5 mL to 1 mL in 1–2 seconds + - **Goal**: Test lethal pressure thresholds and observe immediate physical damage. + +#### **Boyle’s Law Pressure Calculations**: + +| Volume (mL) | Pressure (kPa) | +|-------------|----------------| +| 5 | 101.325 | +| 1 | 505.611 | + +#### **Likely Observations**: +- **At 1 mL (505.611 kPa)**: Immediate trauma to most mosquitoes. Some may suffer ruptured exoskeletons or collapsed tracheal systems, resulting in fatalities. + +#### **Survival Prediction**: +- **0-20% survival** expected due to the rapid and extreme pressure changes causing immediate damage. + +--- + +## **Summary of Simulations** + +| Compression Rate | Pressure at 1 mL (kPa) | Likely Behavior | Survival Rate (%) | +|-----------------------|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| **Slow** (5–10 sec) | 505.611 | Gradual disorientation, some immobilization | 80-100 | +| **Moderate** (2–3 sec)| 505.611 | Noticeable disorientation, possible fatalities | 50-70 | +| **Rapid** (1–2 sec) | 505.611 | Immediate trauma, likely fatal | 0-20 | + +--- + +## **Further Experimentation: Intermediate Compression Rates** + +To fully explore the pressure response of *Culex pipiens* mosquitoes, consider testing compression speeds between the extremes: +- **Compression over 4, 6, or 8 seconds**: Document whether survival rates improve as compression becomes slower, while still observing behavioral changes. +- Reuse the calculations and observations outlined in the **Slow** and **Moderate** compression sections as benchmarks, adjusting based on new findings. + +--- + +### **Detailed Observations and Recording** + +When conducting your experiments, use the following structure for recording results: + +| Volume (mL) | Time (seconds) | Pressure (kPa) | Behavioral Changes | Visible Damage | Survival Count | +|-------------|----------------|----------------|--------------------|----------------|----------------| +| 5 | 0 | 101.325 | Baseline | None | | +| 4 | | 126.656 | | | | +| 3 | | 168.875 | | | | +| 2 | | 253.312 | | | | +| 1 | | 505.611 | | | | + +Document each cycle, noting mosquito behavior, visible physical damage, and survival rates. Include a section for **post-experiment examination** (e.g., magnifying glass inspection for exoskeleton damage). + +--- + +### **Next Steps** + +- **Analyze results**: Use the survival and behavioral observations to refine the experimental design. +- **Follow-up experiments**: Continue testing intermediate compression rates (4, 6, or 8 seconds) to explore survival thresholds. +- **Report findings**: Record data in a clear, structured format and compare results to the simulations provided. + + +--- + ### **Procedure: Mosquito Pressure Experiment** #### Purpose: