From 186becb71e8193dee9247ccdafcd5e1369a7bee8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: medusa <newton214@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2024 05:11:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Add docs/tech_docs/keycloak.md

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+Focusing on integrating Keycloak with Ansible for managing Identity and Access Management (IAM) simplifies the process and aligns with modern IAM practices. Keycloak is an open-source IAM solution providing single sign-on with Identity Brokering and Social Login, User Federation, Client Adapters, an Admin Console, and an Account Management Console.
+
+This guide assumes you have a basic understanding of IAM principles, Ansible, and Keycloak. We’ll cover setting up a Keycloak server using Ansible, configuring realms, clients, and users, and managing Keycloak configurations.
+
+### Environment Setup
+
+- **Control Machine:** A Linux-based system with Ansible installed. This machine executes Ansible playbooks against target servers.
+- **Target Server:** A Linux server (e.g., Ubuntu 20.04) designated to host Keycloak. Ensure it has Java (OpenJDK 11) installed, as Keycloak runs on the Java platform.
+
+### Step 1: Installing Ansible
+
+1. **On your control machine**, ensure you have Ansible installed. You can install Ansible using your distribution's package manager. For example, on Ubuntu:
+
+   ```bash
+   sudo apt update
+   sudo apt install ansible -y
+   ```
+
+2. **Verify the installation** by running `ansible --version`.
+
+### Step 2: Preparing Ansible Inventory
+
+1. Create an inventory file named `hosts` in your working directory, and add the target server under a group `[keycloak_servers]`:
+
+   ```ini
+   [keycloak_servers]
+   keycloak_server ansible_host=<TARGET_IP_ADDRESS> ansible_user=<SSH_USER>
+   ```
+
+2. Replace `<TARGET_IP_ADDRESS>` and `<SSH_USER>` with the target server's IP address and the SSH user, respectively.
+
+### Step 3: Keycloak Installation Playbook
+
+1. **Create a playbook** named `install_keycloak.yml`. This playbook will handle the installation of Keycloak on the target server.
+
+2. **Playbook content**:
+
+   ```yaml
+   ---
+   - name: Install and Configure Keycloak
+     hosts: keycloak_servers
+     become: yes
+
+     tasks:
+       - name: Download Keycloak
+         get_url:
+           url: https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/releases/download/15.0.2/keycloak-15.0.2.tar.gz
+           dest: /tmp/keycloak.tar.gz
+
+       - name: Extract Keycloak Archive
+         unarchive:
+           src: /tmp/keycloak.tar.gz
+           dest: /opt/
+           remote_src: yes
+
+       - name: Rename Keycloak Directory
+         command: mv /opt/keycloak-15.0.2 /opt/keycloak
+
+       - name: Update Permissions
+         file:
+           path: /opt/keycloak
+           owner: keycloak
+           group: keycloak
+           recurse: yes
+
+       - name: Install Keycloak as a Service
+         template:
+           src: keycloak.service.j2
+           dest: /etc/systemd/system/keycloak.service
+         notify: Restart Keycloak
+
+       - name: Start Keycloak Service
+         systemd:
+           name: keycloak
+           state: started
+           enabled: yes
+
+     handlers:
+       - name: Restart Keycloak
+         systemd:
+           name: keycloak
+           state: restarted
+           enabled: yes
+   ```
+
+3. **Create a systemd service template** for Keycloak (`keycloak.service.j2`) in your Ansible working directory:
+
+   ```ini
+   [Unit]
+   Description=Keycloak
+   After=network.target
+
+   [Service]
+   User=keycloak
+   PIDFile=/opt/keycloak/keycloak.pid
+   ExecStart=/opt/keycloak/bin/standalone.sh -b 0.0.0.0
+   SuccessExitStatus=143
+
+   [Install]
+   WantedBy=multi-user.target
+   ```
+
+4. **Run the playbook** to install Keycloak on the target server:
+
+   ```bash
+   ansible-playbook -i hosts install_keycloak.yml
+   ```
+
+### Step 4: Configuring Keycloak with Ansible
+
+After installing Keycloak, you'll likely want to manage realms, clients, users, and roles. Ansible doesn’t have built-in modules for Keycloak administration as of my last update. However, you can use the `uri` module to interact with Keycloak’s REST API for management tasks.
+
+1. **Create roles, users, and clients** using Ansible tasks that make API calls to Keycloak. You’ll need to authenticate first to obtain an access token, then use that token for subsequent API requests.
+
+2. **API Authentication Example**:
+
+   ```yaml
+   - name: Authenticate with Keycloak
+     uri:
+       url: "http://<KEYCLOAK_IP>:8080/auth/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token"
+       method: POST
+       body: "client_id=admin-cli&username
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