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### **Max Compression/Decompression Stress Test: 1-Second Cycle**
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#### **Objective**:
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To determine how *Culex pipiens* mosquitoes respond to rapid, repeated 1-second cycles of maximum compression and decompression, focusing on the most extreme dynamic conditions.
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---
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### **Experimental Setup**:
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- **Syringe Size**: 5 mL
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- **Initial Pressure**: 101.325 kPa (standard atmospheric pressure)
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- **Final Pressure**: 505.611 kPa (max compression at 1 mL volume)
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- **Compression Rate**: From 5 mL to 1 mL within **0.5 seconds**.
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- **Decompression Rate**: From 1 mL to 5 mL within **0.5 seconds**.
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- **Cycle Time**: 1-second total per cycle (0.5 seconds for compression, 0.5 seconds for decompression).
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- **Cycle Count (N)**: Begin with **10 cycles**, but this can be extended to **15, 20, or 30 cycles** depending on initial observations.
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- **Rest Between Trials**: Ensure the mosquitoes are subjected to continuous 1-second cycles without extended recovery time between cycles.
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---
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### **Procedure**:
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1. **Max Compression in 0.5 Seconds**:
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- Compress the syringe from 5 mL to 1 mL as rapidly as possible (0.5 seconds).
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- Immediately transition to decompression after reaching 1 mL.
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2. **Max Decompression in 0.5 Seconds**:
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- Decompress the syringe from 1 mL to 5 mL as rapidly as possible (0.5 seconds).
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- Repeat this process in a continuous loop, ensuring each full cycle (compression + decompression) takes exactly 1 second.
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3. **Cycle Repetition**:
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- Begin with **10 consecutive cycles**, maintaining the 1-second cycle time for each.
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- If survival rates allow, continue increasing to **15, 20, or 30 cycles**.
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4. **Post-Experiment Examination**:
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- After the final cycle, use high-resolution imaging to assess physical trauma and note behavioral changes.
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- Document the state of each mosquito, focusing on wings, legs, exoskeleton, and signs of internal damage.
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---
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### **Key Variables for 1-Second Cycle Testing**:
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| Mosquito ID | Cycle Count | Compression Rate | Behavioral Changes | Physical Damage | Survival |
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|-------------|-------------|------------------|--------------------|----------------|----------|
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| M1 | 10 cycles | 1 second | Immobilized by cycle 5 | Wing tears, minor cracks | Yes |
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| M2 | 15 cycles | 1 second | No movement by cycle 7 | Exoskeleton cracks, leg damage | No |
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| M3 | 20 cycles | 1 second | Severe disorientation | Ruptured exoskeleton | No |
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#### **Behavioral and Physical Variables to Track**:
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- **Behavioral Response**: Track how quickly the mosquitoes become disoriented or immobilized during the continuous cycle process.
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- **Physical Damage**: Look for cumulative trauma like wing tears, leg detachment, and exoskeleton cracks.
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- **Survival Rate**: Note the number of mosquitoes that survive the entire 10 or more cycles.
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---
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### **Expected Outcomes**:
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- **Cumulative Trauma**: The rapid 1-second cycle is expected to cause significant stress after only a few cycles, with physical damage accumulating quickly.
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- **Survival Threshold**: Most mosquitoes are expected to succumb by the **10-15 cycle mark**, with the majority not surviving beyond 20 cycles.
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- **Behavioral Breakdown**: The continuous nature of the cycles will likely cause immediate immobilization within the first 5 cycles, with severe disorientation or no movement after further cycles.
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---
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### **Next Steps**:
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- **Cycle Extensions**: If mosquitoes survive the initial 10 cycles, test further by extending to 20 or 30 cycles.
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- **Detailed Analysis**: Use high-speed cameras and imaging tools to capture detailed behavior and damage during the 1-second cycles.
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- **Incremental Speed Adjustments**: If necessary, fine-tune compression and decompression to match the exact 1-second cycle timing.
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---
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# **Mosquito Pressure Experiment Report**
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### **Objective**:
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