44 lines
3.3 KiB
Markdown
44 lines
3.3 KiB
Markdown
Understanding Git lingo is a crucial step toward mastering version control with Git. Here's a breakdown of some essential terms, including `checkout`, and how they fit into the Git workflow:
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### 1. Checkout
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- **What It Is:** The `git checkout` command is used to switch between branches or revert files in your working directory to a previous state.
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- **How It Fits:** If you want to switch your focus from one branch to another, or if you need to restore previous versions of files, you'll use `checkout`.
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### 2. Pull
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- **What It Is:** `git pull` is a command that fetches the latest changes from a remote repository and integrates them into your current branch.
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- **How It Fits:** This is commonly used to synchronize your local repository with updates from others in your team.
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### 3. Push
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- **What It Is:** `git push` uploads your local branch updates to a remote repository.
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- **How It Fits:** After committing your changes locally, use `push` to share your changes with teammates or to backup your commits on a remote server.
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### 4. Clone
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- **What It Is:** `git clone` is used to create a local copy of a remote repository.
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- **How It Fits:** This is typically the first step when you start working on a project that's stored in a remote repository.
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### 5. Commit
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- **What It Is:** A `git commit` takes a snapshot of your staged changes. It’s like saving a version of your files at a specific point.
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- **How It Fits:** Commits form the backbone of your project’s history. Before you can `push` updates to a remote repository, you need to `commit` them locally.
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### 6. Branch
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- **What It Is:** Branching means diverging from the main line of development and continuing to work without messing up that main line.
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- **How It Fits:** Branches are used to develop features isolated from each other. The master branch (now commonly called the main branch) is the "default" branch when you create a repository.
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### 7. Merge
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- **What It Is:** `git merge` integrates changes from one branch into another. This can be a feature branch into the main branch, for example.
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- **How It Fits:** After a feature is developed in a branch, it is merged back into the main branch.
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### 8. Fetch
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- **What It Is:** `git fetch` downloads commits, files, and refs from a remote repository into your local repo.
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- **How It Fits:** Fetching allows you to see what others have done, without merging those changes into your own branch.
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### 9. Stash
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- **What It Is:** `git stash` temporarily shelves (or stashes) changes you've made to your working directory so you can work on something else, then come back and re-apply them later on.
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- **How It Fits:** Stashing is useful if you need to quickly switch context and work on something else, but you're not ready to commit your work.
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### 10. Rebase
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- **What It Is:** `git rebase` is a way to move or combine a sequence of commits to a new base commit.
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- **How It Fits:** Rebasing is used to maintain a clean project history by integrating changes from one branch into another through a series of patches.
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Understanding these terms and how they fit into the Git lifecycle will help you effectively manage your projects and collaborate with others. Each command plays a specific role in the workflow of version control, enabling a smooth development process across different branches and with multiple collaborators.
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